:root {
  --bg: #f7f6f2;
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --surface-soft: #ecefe9;
  --ink: #17201c;
  --muted: #617068;
  --accent: #315c4c;
  --accent-deep: #173d33;
  --accent-soft: #c9d8d0;
  --gold: #bd9254;
  --border: rgba(23, 32, 28, 0.12);
  --shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(25, 43, 36, 0.10);
  --radius-lg: 28px;
  --radius-md: 18px;
  --radius-sm: 10px;
  --max-width: 1180px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "DM Sans", sans-serif;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--bg);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

body.menu-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.container {
  width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--max-width));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -100px;
  left: 20px;
  z-index: 1000;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 20px;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(247, 246, 242, 0.90);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.site-header.scrolled {
  border-color: var(--border);
}

.nav {
  min-height: 78px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.brand-mark {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent-deep);
  color: white;
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 28px;
}

.nav-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  border: 0;
  background: none;
  padding: 8px;
}

.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 26px;
  height: 2px;
  margin: 5px;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.hero {
  min-height: calc(100vh - 78px);
  display: grid;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 90px 0 110px;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 84% 16%, rgba(201, 216, 208, 0.62), transparent 27%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 6% 88%, rgba(189, 146, 84, 0.12), transparent 28%);
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.45fr) minmax(300px, 0.72fr);
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: center;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  font-weight: 700;
}

h1, h2 {
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  margin-top: 0;
}

h1 {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin-bottom: 26px;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 5.8rem);
}

h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 3.9rem);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

h3 {
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.hero-text {
  max-width: 760px;
  font-size: 1.14rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 50px;
  padding: 0 22px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.button.primary {
  background: var(--accent-deep);
  color: white;
}

.button.secondary {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58);
}

.hero-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 22px;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.hero-links a,
.project-links a,
.contact-links a,
.text-link {
  color: var(--accent-deep);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-underline-offset: 5px;
}

.hero-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.portrait-placeholder {
  min-height: 280px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background:
    linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(23, 61, 51, 0.90), rgba(49, 92, 76, 0.72)),
    radial-gradient(circle, white 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: auto, 24px 24px;
}

.portrait-placeholder span {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 140px;
  height: 140px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.6);
  border-radius: 50%;
  color: white;
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
  font-size: 3.6rem;
}

.hero-card-content {
  padding: 30px;
}

.small-label {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--gold);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-card h2 {
  margin: 10px 0 20px;
  font-family: "DM Sans", sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.hero-card ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 20px;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.section {
  padding: 75px 0;
}

.section-alt {
  background: var(--surface-soft);
}

.section-dark {
  background: var(--accent-deep);
  color: white;
}

.two-column {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.9fr 1.1fr;
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: start;
}

.section-heading {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-bottom: 35px;
}

.section-heading.centered {
  margin-inline: auto;
  text-align: center;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.section-intro {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.prose {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.prose p:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.card-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
}

.info-card {
  padding: 30px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(23, 32, 28, 0.08);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
}

.info-card .icon {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent-deep);
  color: white;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.info-card h3 {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.info-card p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.projects {
  display: grid;
  gap: 34px;
}

.project-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.82fr 1.18fr;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.project-visual {
  min-height: 360px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: end start;
  padding: 34px;
  color: white;
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
  font-size: 2rem;
  background-size: cover;
}

/*
.visual-one {
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(to top, rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.88), rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.12)),
    url("9_Spatial_Yearly_ALL_MODIS.png");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
}
*/
/*
.visual-two {
  background:
    linear-gradient(to top, rgba(23, 49, 61, .90), transparent),
    linear-gradient(160deg, #dfe7e4, #7f9ca6 48%, #284252);
}

.visual-three {
  background:
    linear-gradient(to top, rgba(38, 27, 53, .90), transparent),
    radial-gradient(circle at 26% 22%, #ad98cf, transparent 20%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #382b55, #6a7d8f 50%, #bac9bd);
}

.visual-four {
  background:
    linear-gradient(to top, rgba(38, 55, 33, .88), transparent),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #5f7652, #9eb58b 45%, #c8b88b);
}
*/
.project-content {
  padding: 42px;
}

.project-type {
  color: var(--gold);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.10em;
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.project-content h3 {
  margin: 10px 0 16px;
  font-size: 2rem;
}

.project-content > p:not(.project-type) {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.tag-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 24px 0;
}

.tag-list span {
  padding: 7px 11px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  color: var(--accent-deep);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.project-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

.skills-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.skill-group {
  padding: 30px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.045);
}

.skill-group h3 {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.skill-group p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.72);
}

.publication-list {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin-bottom: 34px;
}

.publication {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
  gap: 30px;
  padding: 28px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.pub-year {
  color: var(--gold);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.publication h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.publication p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.teaching-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 24px;
}

.teaching-list > div {
  padding-bottom: 22px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.teaching-list h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.teaching-list p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.timeline {
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.timeline-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
  gap: 30px;
  padding: 30px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.timeline-item span {
  color: var(--gold);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.timeline-item h3 {
  margin: 0 0 7px;
}

.timeline-item p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.contact-section {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 0.85fr;
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: center;
}

.contact-card {
  padding: 36px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.contact-card > a {
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2.2rem);
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
  color: var(--accent-deep);
}

.contact-card p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.contact-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 18px;
}

.site-footer {
  padding: 28px 0;
  background: #102b24;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.72);
}

.footer-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  font-size: .88rem;
}

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
  transition: opacity .7s ease, transform .7s ease;
}

.reveal.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-grid,
  .two-column,
  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 50px;
  }

  .hero-card {
    max-width: 560px;
  }

  .card-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .project-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-visual {
    min-height: 260px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
    z-index: 102;
  }

  .nav-links {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 26px;
    background: var(--bg);
    transform: translateY(-105%);
    transition: transform .35s ease;
  }

  .nav-links.open {
    transform: translateY(0);
  }

  .section {
    padding: 88px 0;
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 70px 0 90px;
  }

  .hero-grid {
    gap: 44px;
  }

  .card-grid,
  .skills-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-content {
    padding: 28px;
  }

  .publication,
  .timeline-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .footer-content {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }
}


/* Expanded portfolio sections */
.impact-strip { background: var(--accent-deep); color: white; padding: 30px 0; }
.impact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.impact-grid div { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); }
.impact-grid div:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.impact-grid strong { font-family: "Playfair Display", serif; font-size: 2.2rem; }
.impact-grid span { color: rgba(255,255,255,.72); font-size: .88rem; }
.education-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 22px; }
.education-grid .info-card .icon { width: 62px; height: 62px; font-size: .82rem; }
.output-columns { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.35fr .65fr; gap: 55px; align-items: start; }
.output-heading { margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: 1.35rem; }
.publication h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.publication h3 a:hover { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.dataset-list { display: grid; gap: 13px; }
.dataset-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px; padding: 20px; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius-md); background: var(--surface); text-decoration: none; }
.dataset-card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.dataset-card strong { color: var(--accent-deep); }
.dataset-card span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .86rem; }
.experience-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
.experience-card { padding: 28px; border-radius: var(--radius-md); border: 1px solid var(--border); background: var(--surface); }
.experience-card span { color: var(--gold); font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.experience-card h3 { margin: 14px 0 5px; }
.experience-card p { margin: 0 0 14px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 700; }
.experience-card small { color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; }
.recognition-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
.recognition-card { padding: 28px; border-radius: var(--radius-md); background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.recognition-value { display: block; font-family: "Playfair Display", serif; font-size: 2rem; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.recognition-card h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; }
.recognition-card p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); }
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .impact-grid, .recognition-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .education-grid, .experience-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .output-columns { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .impact-grid, .education-grid, .experience-grid, .recognition-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .impact-grid div { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); padding-bottom: 16px; }
  .impact-grid div:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
}


/* ===== Refined full-portfolio design additions ===== */
.hero {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 85% 14%, rgba(184, 207, 195, .72), transparent 27%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 8% 92%, rgba(189, 146, 84, .12), transparent 29%);
}
.hero-card {
  border: 1px solid rgba(23, 32, 28, .08);
}
.impact-strip {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 4;
}
.research-panels {
  padding: 20px 0 65px;
}
.panel-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
}
.focus-panel {
  min-height: 245px;
  padding: 30px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(23, 32, 28, .08);
  border-radius: 24px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.82);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 38px rgba(25, 43, 36, .07);
  transition: transform .25s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;
}
.focus-panel:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 55px rgba(25, 43, 36, .13);
}
.panel-number {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 38px;
  color: #bd9254;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.focus-panel h3 {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}
.focus-panel p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.projects-section {
  background: #edf0ec;
}
.project-card {
  grid-template-columns: .84fr 1.16fr;
  border: 1px solid rgba(23, 32, 28, .07);
}
.project-visual {
  min-height: 510px;
  padding: 36px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  align-items: flex-start;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.project-visual::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(9, 32, 29, .88), rgba(9, 32, 29, .08));
}
.project-visual > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}
.project-kicker {
  color: #ead0a4;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .15em;
  font-size: .73rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.project-visual h3 {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: white;
  font-family: "Playfair Display", serif;
  font-size: 2.35rem;
  line-height: 1.08;
}
.project-content {
  padding: 44px;
}
.project-summary {
  margin: 10px 0 25px;
  color: var(--ink) !important;
  font-size: 1.14rem;
}
.project-detail {
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.project-detail:last-of-type {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.project-detail strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  color: #bd9254;
  font-size: .76rem;
  letter-spacing: .13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.project-detail p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.experience-card,
.recognition-card,
.dataset-card,
.info-card {
  transition: transform .22s ease, box-shadow .22s ease;
}
.experience-card:hover,
.recognition-card:hover,
.dataset-card:hover,
.info-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 46px rgba(25, 43, 36, .10);
}
.section-heading h2 {
  text-wrap: balance;
}
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .panel-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .project-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .project-visual { min-height: 330px; }
}
 (max-width: 680px) {
  .panel-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-panels { padding-bottom: 78px; }
  .project-content { padding: 28px; }
  .project-visual h3 { font-size: 2rem; }
}

.section-heading {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 0 auto 40px;
  text-align: center;
}

.section-heading .section-intro {
  max-width: 700px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.portrait-photo {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 280px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.portrait-photo img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 280px;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  display: block;
}

.visual-one {
  background:
    linear-gradient(
      to top,
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.88),
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.12)
    ),
    url("./9_Spatial_Yearly_ALL_MODIS.png") center / cover no-repeat !important;
}

.visual-two {
  background:
    linear-gradient(
      to top,
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.88),
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.12)
    ),
    url("./wrcr70406-fig-0008-m.jpg") center / cover no-repeat !important;
}

.visual-three {
  background:
    linear-gradient(
      to top,
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.88),
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.12)
    ),
    url("./1-s2.0-S2214581823002586-gr3_lrg.jpg") center / cover no-repeat !important;
}

.visual-four {
  background:
    linear-gradient(
      to top,
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.88),
      rgba(9, 32, 29, 0.12)
    ),
    url("./preprints-154063-g002.png") center / cover no-repeat !important;
}